BACKGROUND: The reliable operation of large power systems with small stability margin is highly dependent on systems and protection devices. The application of microprocessor based (numeric) relaying protection has improved performance over time but, this has not led to a major impact on speed, sensitivity, and selectivity of primary protective relays. However decision making based on elements of artificial intelligence (AI) can, in my view, lead to a major impact in the afor...

ABSTRACT: The construction of the cellophane sealing machine was carried out.  The project started with an encompassing review of the various methods of heat sealing film packages.  The machine can be used in sealing both low, medium and high-density cellophane.  The product has a heating element, which converts electrical energy to heat energy, which converts electrical energy to heat energy, which is utilized in the sealing o...

Abstract: In this construction of metal shelf, mild steel was chosen due to its inherit duties. The undismountable metal shelf, which has four compartments and four partition was constructed under the following processes. This  includes drawing and dimensioning of the proposal metal. Metal shelf, market surveying and procurement of the needed materials, marketing out and cutting of the materials, welding, smoothing and filling of the work  then finally the painting. The dimensi...

ABSTRACT: Office table and chairs usually come in set of three, and are designed to fit one into another for convenient storage. Furniture of this soot should be of the highest quality, attractive in design and capable of standing up to many years in use.

The cost of the wood and the amount of time spent on this project may restrict you to making one table only and the chairs. The design chiefly makes use of curved lines for the legs, the base and the lower bac...

ABSTRACT: A UPS system is a DC to AC conversion system of 1KVA power rating and expected to carry around 800 watts load. It provides power to electronic and electrical appliances such as radio sets, TV DVD/VCD, computers, fans and lighting. The design was conceived and put down as block diagram. Corresponding circuit diagrams for each black box were sourced and drawn. The component values according to desired specifications were designed from the first principle and need...

ABSTRACT: This work is aimed at designing and fabricating a spin dryer which can be used in drying spent grains after brewing. This will no doubt save considerable human labours and time wastage involved in conventional method of drying the spent grains by spreading on the ground. It also saves as a means of employments for our teaming population. This machine was designed after due consideration of its ease of production, maintenance and servicing.

Chapter one give...

ABSTRACT: This work is an attempt to evolve a means for statically and dynamical balancing of mechanical components. This will no doubt evolve greater success in ensuring sound fabrication of our local machine and ensuring that life span of such machine is prolonged since vibration will be reduced to the bearest minimum.

Every wheel and its shaft have to be in a state of balanced, two mating shaft in rotation have to be in a state of static and dynamic balance. This is because unbal...

INTRODUCTION: In present time most households own at least one car. This figure shows that a car is very important to people’s lives as it completes the cycle of living. This computer expert system is hoped to help those who are in need of guides to deal with their cars problems. Although it might not give a complete guide and help as a human expert,   namely mechanics, at least the expert system can give temporary assistance to those who are in need of instan...

INTRODUCTION: Water is an indispensable and inevitable substance to all living things due to its usability and high priority among other substance and materials. Provision of large volume of waters essential due to its significant purpose, which therefore called for a means by which sufficient, and good quality water can be obtained. There are different types of water namely; well water, pipe-borne waters, rain water, stream water, river water e.t.c.

In the earlier...

INTRODUCTION: Every hour the sun beans on to earth more than enough energy to satisfy global needs. A solar energy is the technology used to harmless the scene’s energy and makes it usable, a solar inverter here in converting the direct current (D.C) into alternating current (A.C) with the help of solar power.

Today the technology produce less than length of the one percentage of global energy demand,, many people are familiar with so-called photovoltaic...

INTRODUCTION: The wood lathe machine is introduced to lessen the human suffering and to improve economical and technological standard, and for years now Nigeria recognized that she was economically and technological poor and has been economically dependents on the western world for survival in terms of  technology. To dis-encourge this importation of  technological equipment placed embarge on the  importation of certain goods and this inspired our people to rec...

Abstract: The electrical popcorn machine is a device for preparing especial popcorn for the human consumption. The device in produced to help the masses to be self valiance in this are of down trodden economy.

This project work is divided into five chapters, chapter one; the introduction discusses the relevance of the project work, problems it is meant to address its importance, scope and limitation and definition of terms.

Chapter two comprises the deign...

Abstract: With the expansion of electronics in recent decades, it is notorious to observe that embedded systems are increasingly necessary to improve people’s quality of life and to facilitate the diagnosis of systems in general, ranging from pacemakers to control systems. The increased use of electronic components for technological support, such as telemetry systems, electronic injection, and automotive diagnostic scanners, enhances the perspectiv...

SUMMARY

Thermal management of data centers remains a challenge because of their ever- increasing power densities and decreasing server footprints. Current lack of dynamic control over global provisioning and local distribution of cooling resources often result in wasteful overcooling. These trends motivate this thesis research, which focuses on the development of a reliable and energy-efficient framework for allocating cooling resources to meet thermal management requirements, while...

ABSTRACT

There are improper solid waste management processes in Abuja metropolis which leads to causes of ill health and environmental hazards to inhabitants. The effect of pollution caused by solid waste in open dumps and landfills can be minimised through conversion of the waste to energy.This study focuses on assessing energy generation potential from solid waste generated in Abuja municipal. The study investigated available energy conversion in solid waste using four sample of w...

ABSTRACT

The chemical and mechanical properties of recycled mild steel from scraps in Nigeria was investigated using the mechanical (strength of materials) testing approach, chemical (elemental composition) testing approach and metallurgical (microstructural analysis) testing approach methods. The aim of this study is to investigate the quality of recycled mild steel reinforcement used for engineering applications in Nigeria by obtaining as- produced mild steel samples of 12mm diame...

Abstract

Characterization and flotation studies were carried out on the Nasarawa-Eggon lead- zinc ore sample through Chemical analysis, Mineralogical analysis, Petrological analysis, Work Index evaluation, Particle size/mineral assay analysis, Liberation studies Bulk Froth Flotation and development of a flow sheet. The chemical analysis was carried out using XRF machine to estimate the elements in the ore sample, the analysis revealed that the ore deposit is mainly made up of 16.78%...

ABSTRACT

In this study selected natural waxes were blended with other selected synthetic waxes like paraffin wax and microcrystalline wax for the purpose of investment casting. Beeswax, carnauba wax and microcrystalline wax were selected to be blended with paraffin wax at the proportion of; 100%-0%, 80%-20%, 60%-40%, 50%-50%, 40%-60%, 20%-80%, and

0%-100% for each blend. Wax properties like ash content, density, specific gravity, melting point, surface finishing, and shrin...

ABSTRACT

Characterization and concentration of Kurungu Iron ore has been undertaken. Bulk samples were collected from the deposit site located in Kurungu village Ajaokuta Local Government Area of Kogi State, Nigeria. The samples were crushed and pulverized and a representative sample obtained by coning and quartering method. Analysis of the representative sample was done using the XRF for composition analysis,  XRD and SEM for the mineralogical analysis and the modified Berry a...

SUMMARY

T cells of the immune system recognize small antigen peptide fragments loaded onto Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules through their T Cell Receptor (TCR). The recognition of antigenic pMHC by the TCR is an extremely sensitive and specific process, discriminating as few as a single antigenic pMHC from the self majority while remaining tolerant to uninfected cells. This unique sensitivity and specificity have been intensely studied, but much is still unknown rega...

ABSTRACT

Potable drinking water quality is a major concern, particularly as it is used for human consumption. Quality is a competitive weapon. It increases customer base, high profit margin and prevents business closure.

The aim of this research is to evaluate the current performance of the water production process stability and capability for enhanced continuous improvement using a specific set of tools from the Lean Six Sigma (LSS) methodology.

This research wa...

ABSTRACT

The journal bearing demonstration rig is an apparatus which is used to study how pressure would vary around the section of a journal bearing at various speed of the shaft and loading conditions. The design of the journal bearing was done by the use of standard design procedures carefully stated within this work. The frame, the journal bearing, the journal shaft, the base plate and all relevant components of the apparatus were designed. Other parts not constructed were procu...

ABSTRACT

This research is focused on the design of water supply (cold and hot) system of a three bedroom bungalow with adequate pressure. Polypropylene (PP) pipes imported from Italy and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes made in Nigeria, the two most common plastic materials used for potable water supply lines were selected for the analysis and compared to find out which of them is more cost effective, provide better form fitting and higher life expectancy. The adequate flow pressure r...

ABSTRACT

A fixed bed pyrolysis system has been designed and constructed for obtaining liquid fuel from palm kernel shell. The major components of the system are: fixed bed reactor and condensate unit. The palm kernel shell in particle form was pyrolized in an externally heated 90mm diameter and 360mm high fixed bed reactor. The reactor is heated by means of a rectangular shape manual forge blower with charcoal as the energy source. The products are char, oil and gas. The parameters...

ABSTRACT

A ladle is a foundry tool or equipment specially designed to pour molten metal into a prepared mould. The pouring rate or consistency is one of the factors that may lead to a defect in a cast. To avoid casting defects (cold shut and misrun) associated with pouring, there is need for the design of a suitable pouring ladle that will reduce the time to be spent in crucible lifting, to pouring the molten metal from the crucible to fill the mould at consistent rate. In this rese...

ABSTRACT

This work presents the design, fabrication and performance evaluation of a multiple sandcrete blocks moulding machine (MSBMM) for simultaneously moulding three of 6 inches sandcrete blocks of size 450 x 150 x 225mm. The machine was designed to operate at speed of 151.8 rad/s, and provided the vibration right through compactor drive shaft (CDS)-eccentric system that compressed the three sandcrete blocks with 1.26 X 10-6 N/mm2 with the aid of automatically controlled ram. Mac...

ABSTRACT

A solarbox cooker is a device that converts solar energy into useful heat in a confined space. The solar cooking system which captures and utilizes the abundant solar energy was designed, simulated, constructed and tested. Plane reflectors were used to concentrate solar radiations continuously on the collector which result to heat gain. It is usually difficult to manually track the movement of the sun and the use of a tracking device may be very expensive. Hence, plane refl...

1.0INTRODUCTION

An inventory control system contains a list of orders to be filled and then prompts workers to pick the necessary items, and provides them with packaging and shaping information, inventory control may be used to automate a sales order fulfillment process and also manage in and outward material of hardware. Automation is the replacement of human workers by technology. For optional sales and inventory management process, robust functionality is needed for managing logi...

ABSTRACT

Vegetable oils need to be chemically modified before being used for biolubricant production for internal combustion engines applications. One of the most effective chemical modifications for vegetable oils is epoxidation of its double bonds. In this work, Crude Jatropha oil (CJO) was epoxidized using peracid generated in-situ by the reaction of formic acid and hydrogen peroxide using sulfuric acid as catalyst. FTIR and Iodine Value were used to confirm the formation of epox...

ABSTRACT

Aluminium in Nigeria is a popular metallic element. Widely used to produce single domestic appliances and even industrial engine components. These components display a decrease in performance level after many years of service are discarded and they become waste that tend to be a problem to manage. Furnaces are required for student practice to improve their technical skills, to reduce stress of local blacksmiths and the reduce delays due to frequent power in...

ABSTRACT

The work focuses on the development of a low cost briquette making machine using Rice husks and Sugarcane baggase as selected materials. The realization that deforestation and wood fuel shortages are likely to become pressing problems in many countries has turned attention to other types of biomass fuel. However, rice husks and sugarcane baggasse residues are often bulky and difficult to burn which lead to this conversion technique developed. In developing this briquetting...

ABSTRACT

This research was conducted to produce asbestosfree automobile disk brake pads using eco- friendly; Periwinkle and Fan palm shells materials. The use of asbestos fiber is being avoided due to its carcinogenic nature that might cause health risks. A new brake pad was produced using agro waste materials (periwinkle shell and fan palmshells)with thermoset resin as a binder to replace asbestos with thermoset as a binder. Two sets of brake pad composites were produced using peri...

ABSTRACT

This research work used shea nut (vitellaria paradoxa) shell and cow hoof (bauhinia ungulata) as the reinforcement materials in the production of automotive brake pads. Taguchi method of experimental design and grey relational analysis were used to determine the optimal values of the manufacturing parameters. Other constituents combined together to produce the brake pad samples were epoxy resin, graphite, calcium carbonate and aluminium oxi...

ABSTRACT

This research presents the development of a piston material from aluminium alloy using coconut shell ash as an additive. Most damage pistons reported in literature are as a result mechanical fatigue due to wear and thermal fatigue. Investigations revealed that aluminium alloys have relatively poor wear resistance, and researchers are concerned with reinforcing aluminium alloy for improved properties. The present work used coconut shell ash for the reinforcement. The coconut...

ABSTRACT

This research sole aim is to improve on the development of conceptual procurement models that can create direct and indirect impacts of various forms of plant and equipment procurement in Kaduna state Tertiary Institutions in relation to, need assessment, delay in completion, costs and non-conformance with specification by suppliers and installation related issues, likewise the involvement of professionals in procurement activities. The model builds on existing classificati...

ABSTRACT

This report presents the development of light vehicle brake pad test rig for testing and measuring the materials frictional characteristics such as brake pad wear rate, disc temperature, and average disc stopping time. Product validation and quality control is very necessary in the developmental process of any product. The brake pads were tested at various input variables such as speed and pressure to determine the effects of contact pressure on brake pad wear, and effects...

Abstract

Polylactide (PLA) is an emerging material mainly because it can be synthesized from renewable resources and is thus environmentally and ecologically safe. It found application in packaging and biomedical. In terms of cost, however, PLA cannot rival the traditional packaging materials. Creative solutions are therefore needed to make PLA a more financially viable packaging alternative. This study was carried out in order to improve the properties and reduce the cost of PLA. C...

ABSTRACT

Research trends in the construction industry is toward the application of nano materials in mortar/concrete which could act as set accelerator due to the ultrafine nature of silica nano_particles (SNPs). The study is aimed at investigating the effect of SNPs on the performance of Sorghum Husk Ash (SHA) and Calcium Carbide Waste (CCW) binder based mortar with a view to establishing its suitability. SHA was an incinerated ash from agro-by-product of sorghum husk with major co...

ABSTRACT

It has being observed over time that there are problems associated with the quality of designs and execution of jobs within the Building Services Sector of the Engineering Industry. The sector is an important aspect of Engineering Practice in Nigeria and its performance can only be measured by the quality of its output which include good engineering designs and proper execution of projects. Hence, the focus of this research work is to investigate on effective training as a...

ABSTRACT

The creation, evaluation and selection of mutants with desirable traits have served as source of genetic variability for breeding programmes of many crops. Thus, eleven mutant lines of sesame developed through induced gamma irradiation were evaluated in the M4 generation alongside the three parental varieties [NCRIBEN 04E (check-1), NCRIBEN 01M (check-2) and NCRIBEN 03L (check-3)]. The mutant lines and their respective checks were laid in a randomized complete block design...

ABSTRACT

The service conditions of many moving steel components require it to possess both hard and wear resistant surfaces witha tough and shock resistant cores. To achieve this, the suitability of pulverized coconut shell charcoal and periwinkle shell for carburizing 0.08%C mild steel was investigated in order to evaluate the carburizing parameters of the mild steel. The carburizing parameters evaluated were temperature, time and materials (ratio 75wt% pulverized coconut shell cha...

ABSTRACT

This study centres on Failure Evaluation of Engineering Projects in Nigeria, A case study of Pipeline and Product Marketing Company Limited (PPMC). The instrument used in this study is analysis of some randomly selected Projects and questionnaires administered to Professionals involved in the execution of projects in PPMC. The result of this study show that there is still no consensus among project Management experts on what constitute a project failure, some consider failu...