In light of the creation idea, it is abundantly evident that water has been around for at least as long as people have. Since the beginning of time, man has made use of this one-of-a-kind commodity for a wide variety of uses, including those in the home.

The majority of our water comes from surface water, such as rivers, streams, lakes, oceans, and seas. The water bodies that make up these bodies of water are very likely to be contaminated with trash from both homes and industries,...

Background to the Study

Nigeria is a nation fill with vegetation and water bodies; this is usually pronounced in the eastern and the southern part of the country. This is usually good for the people living in such environment in terms of agriculture and good weather condition; even with these advantages there are more disadvantages to this gift of nature.

Some of the disadvantages include diseases presented by most of the water bodies espe...

ABSTRACT: Nigeria has a population of approximately 200 million people. Health services are provided through a network of over 4,700 health facilities countrywide, with the private sector ac-counting for about 51% of these facilities. The best quality of care is found at the national referral hospitals, which provide diagnostic, therapeutic and rehabilitative services. Nigeria spent 5.1% of its Gross Domestic Product (GDP) on healthcare in...

Background to the study: The Covid-19 pandemic in Nigeria is part of the worldwide plague of coronavirus illness 2019 caused by SARS coronavirus (SARS Covid-19). Coronavirus was found for the first time in December of 2019 in Wuhan, China. The World Health Organization (WHO) classified coronavirus as an epidemic at first, but due to its worldwide expansion and lethality, WHO elevated the virus to a pandemic in 2020. On the African continent, almost 200,000 CO...

ABSTRACT: This study critically examine the inmate and the workers welfare as it relates or affects job satisfaction  in social welfare services department of Oko Federal Prison, Benin City, Edo State. The impetus for the study derives from the realization that social welfare services improve the condition of inmates and the workers in the prison custody. A sample of 120 persons were chosen for the study and drawn room all the ranks and file of prisons uniform staff...

ABSTRACT: The main aim of this study is to investigate the role of personal and environmental cleanliness in the transmission of infectious diseases. This study aims to ascertain the incidence of communicable diseases within the Kabba Local Government Area, located in Kogi State. A descriptive survey design was utilised in this study to evaluate the viewpoints of the participants. A sample size of 150 participants was chosen from Kabba Local Government Area i...

ABSTRACT: This study was carried out on abortion legalization and its impact on sexual practices of youths: a study of FCT residents. To achieve this 3 research questions were formulated. The survey design was adopted and the simple random sampling techniques were employed in this study. The population size comprise of selected residents of the Federal Capital Territory. In determining the sample size, the researcher conveniently selected 266 residents w...

ABSTRACT: This study was carried out on the appraise of omicron variant of covid-19 in Nigeria using Lagos State Ministry Of Health as a case study. To achieve this, the significant research objectives were formulated. The survey design was adopted and the simple random sampling techniques were employed in this study. The population size comprises of staff  of Lagos State Ministry Of Health. In determining the sample size, the researcher conven...

Background to the Study: An infection of any region of the urinary system is referred to as a urinary tract infection (often abbreviated as UTI). The kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra are the components that make up the urinary tract. Any component of these systems has the potential to become infected, although the bladder and urethra are the most prevalent sites of infection. The infection of the bladder is known as cystitis, but the infection of the ur...

BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY: The word "malnutrition" is often used in reference to underdeveloped and developing nations. Malnutrition has been understood in a variety of ways; for instance, Ajao, (2022) considers malnutrition to be the condition that occurs when a person's diet is lacking in certain important dietary components. According to the 18th edition of Billies Nurses Dictionary, malnutrition is defined as the situation in which there...

Background of the study: Water is necessary for life, and its availability, usage, and spatial distribution are all linked to economic growth and societal progress. Aside from oxygen, water is essential to life; it is a cornerstone for human success because adequate and high-quality water supplies offer a framework for human social, economic, and cultural development (Ward, 1975, Young, 2006). The significance of water to man cannot be overstated; aside from shelter, food, an...

Background to the study: The process through which people or groups learn to act in a way that is conducive to the development, maintenance, or restoration of health is referred to as health education. Communication in the context of health education may take place via a variety of channels, including but not limited to lectures, roundtable discussions, symposia, posters, public address announcements, and radio and television messages. Each approach has a unique set of advant...

ABSTRACT: Water is one of the most important and abundant compounds of the ecosystem. All living organisms on the earth need water for their survival and growth. It rarely occurs in its pure form in nature. It is the only substance that exists naturally on Earth in all three physical states of matter; gas, liquid, and solid. The Earth has oceans of liquid water and polar regions covered by solid water and the gaseous water vapour, a greenhouse gas which traps...

ABSTRACT: The main focus of this study is to present an analysis of impact of covid-19 lockdown and increased hunger on the Citizen using Iyana-Paja in Alimosho Local government Area of Lagos as case study. The study adopted survey research design. Using convenience sampling method, the researcher purporsively selected 150 respondents who are resident of Iyana-paja. Questionnaire was issued and 139 out of 150 was retrieved and validated for the study. Data wa...

Abstract: This study examined the relationship between infant mortality and public health expenditure in Nigeria from 1999 to 2018. The study showed the effect of public health expenditure on health outcomes in Nigeria, as captured by life expectancy at birth and infant mortality rates. Data for this study are annual time series data from 1999-2018 sourced from World Development Indicators and various publications of the World Bank regarding health and health expenditures. Th...

BACKGROUND OF STUDY: Safety is the state of being "safe", the condition of being protected from harm or other non-desirable outcomes. Safety can also refer to the control of recognized hazards in order to achieve an acceptable level of risk (wikipedia 2021). However the safety of human lives has at this recent times become the major priority and concern of the World’s Government due to the unprecedented outbreak and widespread of a pandemic ca...

Background of the study: Malaria is a rapidly developing fever disease caused by Plasmodium parasites, which are transmitted to individuals by the bites of female Anopheles mosquitoes that have been infected. Malaria has garnered significant attention through various pronouncements, prompting the establishment of numerous targets since the turn of the millennium. This heightened focus is warranted due to the alarming fact that over half of the global populati...

Background To The Study: Malaria still remains a significant public health problem especially in low and middle income countries. According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), malaria transmission in Nigeria is abysmally high with over 76% of the population reporting more than 1 case per 1,000 populations annually. There was a less than 50% decrease in projected incidence of malaria from 2000–2015. Nigeria and the Democratic Republic of Congo accoun...

Background of the Study: Menstrual hygiene management is described as the process whereby “women and adolescent girls use a clean menstrual hygiene management (MHM) material to absorb or collect blood that can be changed in privacy as often as necessary for the duration of the menstruation period, using soap and water for washing their bodies as required and having access to facilities to dispose of used menstrual management material” (UNICEF, WHO...

ABSTRACT: The study investigated the causes and effects of malnutrition in children in Ovia North East Local Government Area, using mothers and health workers as population target. The sampling method was utilized in picking out the respondents. The questionnaire method was used. Questions such as: Is there knowledge of awareness of proper nutritional practices among mothers?, Is lack of nutrition education responsible for poor feeding? And Is starvation...

ABSTRACT: This research studied and analyzed Water Pollution, the causes, the effects, the sources, types and control of Water Pollution in the societies. Water pollution occurred when pollutants were discharged directly or indirectly into water bodies without adequate treatment to remove harmful compounds, Water Pollution affected plant, and organisms living in this bodies of water. Water pollution was known to be caused by the following facto...

Background to the Study: The eradication of polio has been hailed as one of the 20th century's greatest successes in primary health care and is universally regarded as a beneficial and cost-effective public health policy (CDC, 2022). Vaccination against polio and other communicable disease is believed to prevent more than three million cases of polio-related infant mortality annually (WHO, 2022; Bosch-Capblanch, Banerjee & Burton, 2022). Despite...

ABSTRACT: This study was carried out to assess  commuters as a major contributor to the spread of communicable diseases in public places. Specifically, the study raised awareness on the role of commuters in spreading communicable diseases in public places, examined the knowledge of commuters on the awareness of their active involvement in the spread of communicable diseases and, suggested effective strategies to mitigate the spread of communicable d...

ABSTRACT: The broad focus of this study is to examine contraceptive use among female students in University of Uyo. Survey design was employed for the study with the aid of  convenience sampling method, one hundred and forty-seven(147) participant who are female student of university of Uyo were selected as the participant of the study. Well structure questionnaire was issued to the enrolled participants of which 141 of the instrument were retrieved and validated fo...

ABSTRACT: This study delved into the aetiology and ramifications of diarrheal episodes among the paediatric population residing in the Ovia North East Local Government Area of Edo State. The study was conducted in solitude, alongside fellow scholars within the academic institution. The data collection methodology employed in this study entails the utilisation of a questionnaire method, as well as conducting oral interviews with esteemed individuals who have s...

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY: The continuous increase in the infection of HIV/AIDS and the transmission from one source to another has become a major factor leading to death and decrease in population of our society at large, knowing fully well that HIV/AIDS has no cure.

The rapid rate of transmission is overpowering man’s ability to find a lasting solution to this deadly disease in Nigeria. HIV is an abbreviation for human immune virus, while AIDS...

ABSTRACT: This study was carried out to assess obesity and it implications among rural adult. Specifically, the study determined the level of obesity prevalence among rural adults, identified the factors that influence overweight and obesity among rural adults,  identified the health risk factors associated with overweight and obesity among rural adults and, suggesting ways to prevent obesity among rural adults. The study employed the survey de...

ABSTRACT: This study endeavours to shed light upon the ramifications of inadequate nutrition on children below the age of 15 years in the Egor Local Government Area of Edo State. A sample of one hundred respondents, specifically pupils, was selected in a random manner from a pool of six primary schools. This sample was chosen to represent the population under study. The instrument employed for data collection was a set of questionnaires. The collected data was subsequently an...

Background of the Study: Various people describe drugs in a variety of ways. By definition, a drug is anything that when consumed by a living organism tends to alter one or a myriad of its functions. Owing to their chemical nature, drugs (legal or illegal) alter body functions, how people think, perceive things or act. These include substances that are useful or harmful to the body. There are numerous ways through which drug administration can be done. There...

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this research is to investigate how Covid-19 affects the global economy growth, using the Nigerian economy as a case study. Covid-19 has been the source of changes in the business environment across world from the beginning of year 2020. The effects on the Nigeria economy are nearly unknown, therefore this research is unique. The aim of this study is to gain more knowledge on how Nigeria economic growth are respondin...

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND OF STUDY: Sexual abuse is defined as the involvement of dependent, developmentally immature children in sexual activities that they do not fully comprehend and therefore to which they are unable to give informed consent and/or which violates the taboos of society. (McDowell, M. 2002).

According to Finkelhor D. (2003). Sexual ab...

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY: COVID-19 is a contagious illness caused by a novel virus. The initial documentation of the corona virus sickness occurred in Wuhan, China, and it has subsequently disseminated to over 70 nations worldwide. The disease is characterised by respiratory sickness, similar to influenza, presenting symptoms such as cough, fever, f...

CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION

Background Of The Study: Health services are deemed unsatisfactory and inadequate in addressing the public's requirements and demands, as evidenced by the population's poor health (FMOH, 2022). It is plausible to assert that some of the fatalities and major diseases that occur among Nigerians are attributable to situations for which easy solut...

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Background Of The Study: In the context of human beings, "health information" refers to the knowledge, facts, and news that are created from a variety of sources that are required for humans to be in excellent physical and mental condition. It is mostly sought for and employed by health professionals, notably physicians, who are the prima...

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY

Diarrhea is recognized as a major cause of child morbidity and mortality in developing countries (Banda et al., 2007; Gorter et al., 1998; Kosek, Bern, & Guerrant, 2003). It is the second leading cause of death among children under five years of age worldwide (BBS, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics UNICEF, United Nations Children’s Fund, 2007; Larson, Saha, Isl...

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study: Family planning in couples is rarely discussed because the practice is less likely to be endorsed by the male partner. Family planning practices are essential for individuals or couples to prevent unwanted pregnancies, space out pregnancies, time births according to parental age, and decide on the family size (Reshma 2015)....

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Background of the study

Accidents are one of  the  phenomena  that  have an impact on increasing cases of morbidity and mortality in the community. One of the factors that cause the increase in  cases  is  the provision  of  first  aid, especially at  the  pre-hospital stage which is not appropriate. In this case...

ABSTRACT

The transmission of malaria is significantly influenced by environmental factors. Consequently, the regulation of these variables can effectively decrease the burden of the illness. At the community level, environmental management strategies can be utilised to supplement existing approaches of malaria control in order to combat the disease. This study evaluates the existing understanding and methods used to regulate mosquito ecology and the...

ABSTRACT

Malaria accounts for 1 million deaths among children under five annually. It has been shown that improving home treatment and preventing delays in seeking treatment, by teaching women to respond promptly when their children have fever, can decrease malaria related complications and mortality. This study looks at the impact of health education on knowledge of malaria: its recognition, treatment and prevention among caregivers of children und...

ABSTRACT

This study investigates the role of public health workers in tuberculosis management and prevention. Two hundred and twenty nine (229) randomly selected (stratification) health workers were administered a 54-item questionnaire. The questionnaire comprised sections designed to provide relevant information of concern to the study such as knowledge of Tuberculosis infection prevention and control, practices and challenges. Results showed...

Background to the Study

The rapid growth of world population in recent times has received widespread attention especially in Africa where the highest crude-birth rates are found. The present population of Nigeria is between 90 and 100 million persons or perhaps even larger with the annual growth rate of 3.3 percent (Oni, 2006). If the current population estimate is something to go by, much population analysis already regards Nigeria as being ov...

ABSTRACT

This study was carried out on the impact of poor communication and team collaboration as a tool for effective health care service delivery in federal teaching hospital Ido-Ekiti. The survey design was adopted and the simple random sampling techniques were employed in this study. The population size comprise of staff of federal teaching hospital Ido-Ekiti. In determining the sample size, the researcher purposefully selected 53 resp...

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Survivors of childhood abuse often suffer from health problems long after the abuse has ended. Abuse survivors are sick more often and go to the doctor more (Felitti, 1991). They report more symptoms and are less likely to describe their health as good. They have surgery more often—in one study, almost twice as much (Kendall-Tackett, Marshall, & Ness, 2000). Adult survivors are at increased risk of having one or more chronic pain sy...

ABSTRACT

This study investigates personal hygiene practices among mothers in Nwangele LGA, Imo State, Nigeria, aiming to understand the factors influencing these practices and their health implications. A quantitative cross-sectional design was employed, with data collected through structured questionnaires and interviews. Findings reveal that while mothers generally report adherence to recommended hygiene practices such as handwashing and oral hygi...

ABSTRACT

The purpose for this study was to assess knowledge and attitude of sexual risk behaviour among senior secondary school students in Bauchi State, Nigeria. An expost facto research design was used. A total of 76,279 constituted the number of respondents used for this study. A multi stage sampling procedurewhich included stratified and proportionate sampling procedures were used to draw the sample size from the senior secondary schools within the three (3) senatorial zones of...

ABSTRACT

The current trend to eat outside the home in Nigeria has contributed to increasing number of food establishments where prepared food is sold and consumed. Poor sanitary conditions in such establishments can predispose consumers to food-borne diseases. Although, numerous food establishments exist in Ibadan, an appraisal of their sanitary status has not yet been well documented. This study determined the sanitary status of food establishments and assessed the determinants of...

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to assess the extent to which citizenship and leadership training programmes influenced the physical fitness, social, emotional and adventure skills development of youths in Nigeria. The instrument used for data collection was the self-developed questionnaire. It consist of six sections on each the variable of youths development in physical fitness development, social fitness development, emotional fitness qualities, mental fitness attributes o...

Abstract

Background: Non-communicable diseases are the leading cause of death and the main issue in modern and future public health worldwide. Non-communicable diseases are amenable to health promotion, prevention and medical interventions. Improved social conditions, quality of diet, body weight, smoking cessation, and increased physical activity can greatly reduce the burden of NCDs.

Methods: This study aims to assess the attitude and practice of medical students towards...

KNOWLEDGE AND PUBLIC AWARENESS OF MPOX SPREAD IN OSUN STATE COMMUNITIES (A CASE STUDY OF NIGERIA CENTRE FOR DISEASE CONTROL PREVENTION)

Chapter One: Introduction

Background of the Study

Mpox (formerly known as monkeypox) is a zoonotic viral disease caused by the Mpox virus, which primarily affects animals but can also be transmitted to humans. Recent outbreaks have heightened global attention, particularly in regions where the disease was previously rare. In Nige...

THE KNOWLEDGE AND COST IMPLICATIONS OF GERMS PREVENTIVE MEASURES (A CASE STUDY OF DETTOL SOAP)

Chapter One: Introduction

Background of the Study

Personal hygiene and cleanliness are fundamental to maintaining health and preventing the spread of germs and infections. In many parts of the world, including Nigeria, the awareness of the importance of germ prevention has increased, particularly in the context of infectious diseases such as cholera, malaria, and the re...

PUBLIC HEALTH CRISIS: THE EFFECTS OF JAPA ON HEALTHCARE DELIVERY IN NIGERIA.

Chapter One: Introduction

Background of the Study

The Japa phenomenon, marked by the mass migration of Nigerians seeking opportunities abroad, has significant implications for Nigeria’s healthcare delivery system. The migration of healthcare professionals—including doctors, nurses, and other medical staff—leaves gaps in the healthcare w...