​​​​​​Background of the study: Productivity is very vital for the development of any country because it will help to improve the standard and quality of life of the citizens.  The issue of low productivity by public service workers has in recent time been a matter of great c...

Background of the Study: Public service is a service where federal, state or local government has an interest or where its presence is felt. It is a very wide organ, encompassing the civil service, the school system, the judicially, the local government system, the security...

Background of the study: The purpose of occupational pension scheme is to provide employees regular and stable income after their retirement from service. It is an arrangement an employer or a group of employers use(s) to provide pension (and sometimes other) benefits for their e...

ABSTRACT: This study examined the impact of mismanagement and embezzlement of public fund on government Parastatals using Federal Inland Revenue Service(FIRS), Abuja as case study. Specifically, the study aimed at determining the nature of mismanag...

ABSTRACT: This study used the Enugu State Civil Service Commission as a case study to investigate the causes of low productivity in the civil service. Three research questions and a hypothesis were developed in order to do this.  In this study, the survey design was chosen,...

ABSTRACT: This study used the Akwa-Ibom State Civil Service Commission as a case study to investigate the causes of low productivity in the civil service. Three research questions and a hypothesis were developed in order to do this.  In this study, the survey design was chos...

Abstract: The Nigerian National Assembly Service Commission  was established through the enactment of  the National Assembly Service Commission Act, 2014 (as amended) as  a centralized parliamentary administrative agency designed to address the multi-ethnic di...

BACKGROUND OF STUDY: The Nigeria public service is a vital government institution consisting of the staff of the central administrations, state administrations, the police and the Nigerian A...

Background to the study: Performance appraisal has become a strategic tool for improving organizational effectiveness. Performance appraisal exercise is often used interchangeably with performance assessment, evaluations, and performance review or employee a...

BACKGROUND OF THE BODY: Privatization Appeared on standard dictionaries only in the early 1980s [it appeared in Webster new collegiate Dictionary is one of the radical methods through for thinning the government owned enterprises [which failed to maximize gr...

ABSTRACT: The focus  of this study borders on bibliographic information on corruption in Nigeria political system. The researcher followed the accepted rules of the qualitative research method in order to offer a high-quality work. The usual analytical and description of aut...

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY: The issue of leadership and good governance probity, accountability remains a monumental problem to Nigerian Socio-political and economic development over the years, since independence. This is as a result of linkage between the tran...

BACKGROUND OF STUDY: In view of the fact that ethics and morality are the norms of every descent society, and the bedrock on which wholesome, efficient just and prosperous bureaucracy can be b...

ABSTRACT: This study was carried out to examine challenges and prospect in budgetary system in public service in Nigeria  in federal ministry of education. Specifically, the study Analyze the effect of  effective budgetary on development of the ministry...

Background to the Study: The government of Nigeria, like others in different parts of the world, has legislative powers to impose on its citizens, any form of tax and at whatever rate it deems appropriate (Federal Inland Revenue Service 2010). According...

Background to the Study: The legislative authority of the Nigerian government, similar to governments in various global regions, enables it to enforce taxation on its populace, including diverse forms of taxes and rates as deemed suitable (Federal Inland Rev...

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY: The role of television as a mass medium in the democratization process is understood in the context of the public sphere, which is defined by Habermas stated  in 2012 as "organs of information and political debates such as newsp...

Background to the study: Crime is a social problem that every society seeks to address. Once a crime occurs, it instantly throws up different layers of victims. In the dynamics of victimisation and social reactions to it, crime reporting plays a critical role. Th...

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY: Culture entails the way of life of people culture is the total way of life of a people, culture can also be defined as the identity through  which a particular set of people are identified.

Every society, no matter how...

BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY: The quality of education is directly related to the quality of instruction in the classrooms. It is a fact that the academic qualifications, knowledge of the subject matter, competence, and skills of teaching and the commitment of the teacher have effecti...

Background of the Study: NTA Enugu is the focus of this study and it comprises television. The sophistication of these media of communication distinguished it as wonders to communication. NTA is an institution used for simultaneous transmission of informatio...

Background to the Study: In the turbulent business environment, with changes in customer demands the main aim of every manufacturing organization is to improve its productivity but this can never be possible without the efficient performance of employees and one...

CHAPTER ONE

CONTRACTS OF EMPLOYMENT: MEANING AND NATURE

1.1 Introduction

A contract of employment is an agreement between two or more persons relationship establish...

Chapter One: General Introduction

The importance for the establishment of public enterprises or corporations was felt in 19th Century and there after. There were a lot of upheavals in European society because of industrialization and urbanization. Social issues li...

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study: In the world over, education has become an essential commodity that determines the level of development or growth of any nati...

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND OF STUDY: Nigeria is one of the most well-known and impressive countries in the world, despite the fact that it faces an exceptionally high...

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Background to study: Internal auditing has undergone dramatic changes and has expended its scope to make greater contribution to the organization goals. Internal auditing is also performing its role in...

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Introduction: Election is the central institution of democratic representative governments. This is because, in a democracy, the authority of the gove...

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Background Of The Study: University worldwide is regarded as the citadel of knowledge, the fountain of intellectual, the most appropriate ground for t...

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY: Retention of valuable employees is a global challenge. Managers and top level authorities are constantly met with the is...

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND STUDY: In Nigeria, workplace diversity has been widely attributed to the demographic composition of a workforce, whether in the privat...

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

The division of Nigeria into a greater number of states in 1976 resulted in the development of new urban centres, the rapid expansion of which raised the dem...

CHAPTER I

Introduction

Background of the Study: This study intends to shed more light on the impact of public procurement act on the accountability of procurement officers in public sector in Kaduna state ministry of ed...

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Background of the study: The rate of change affecting the world of public sector managers show no sign of slowing down especially with  apparent...

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY: Employers who have the intention to increase their productivity and output must enrich their workers in terms of training and development opportunities to fulfill the empl...

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY: Training and development have become a very important and pivotal phenomenon in most organization including the civil service...

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Background to the Study: Fiscal policy has traditionally been related to the use of taxation and public expenditure to influence economic activities o...

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Background to the Study: Since the dawn of time, man as an individual and in groups have gone in search of power. Power to change things and power to...

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Background of the study: The Nigerian federal government is the one that is financially supporting the N-Power youth empowerment programme. N-Power addresses the problem of high youth unemployment by e...

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY: The term ‘ethnicity’ has its roots in the Greek term ethnos/ethnikos, which was commonly used to describe pagans,...

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY: According to Black Law Dictionary, tax is a rateable portion of the produce of the property and labor of the individual citizens, taken by the nation, in the exercise of i...

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND OF STUDY

In view...

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Background to the study: The widespread adoption of e-governance in many countries throughout the world is based on its seeming capacity to expedite t...

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Background of study: In view of the fact that ethics and morality are the norms of every descent society, and the bedrock on which wholesome, efficien...

CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION

Introduction

The concept, performance m...

CHAPTER ONE

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

...

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION